VMWare commands
strom March 3rd, 2010
vmkfstools x (to change size)
vmkfstools -l (to clone)
service — mgmt -vmware stop
vmware-cmd <path> stop reset status start (affects start stop)
6 Ways to connect to ESX Server
strom March 3rd, 2010
- Console
- Remote SSH
- Web Access
- Virtual Infrastructure Client (VSphere)
- Virtual Center - Entire Infrastructure
- RCLI (Remote command Line Interface)
Free Tools / Downloads
strom March 2nd, 2010
Ad-Aware Free - Find and remove SpyWare
Audacity - Record and edit Sound
BitTorrent - file Sharing
Dropbox - 2gb of online data
FreeConference.com - Conference call service
IMDb - Movie Review Database
OpenOffice.org - Office Sweet
Gimp - Image Editor
Putty - xterm for Windows
Keypass - Password Safe
Password Safe - the name says it all
superantispyware - find and remove spyware
ccleaner - cleans unused files, web traffic etc
Fences - Organize Windows Desktop Icons
defraggler - Defrag Windows
UltraDefrag - Defrag Window
MSE - Remove Spy Ware
BGInfo - System information on Windows Desktop
Solaris - format
strom February 11th, 2010
# format
Searching for disks…done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c0t0d0 <drive not available: formatting>
/sbus@6,0/SUNW,socal@d,10000/sf@0,0/ssd@w210000163787753a,0
Sometimes
# format -Mm
may be helpful as this reports additional messages about what is happening.
Get a list of disks
# format < /dev/null or echo “\n” | format
format non destructive commands
disk, current, defect, verify, save, inquiry
format destructive commands
type, partition, format, repair, label, analyze, backup
formating using another disk
# prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s2 | fmthard -s – /dev/rdsk/c0t2d0s2
Install boot block
# installboot /usr/platform/`uname -i`/lib/fs/ufs/bootblk /dev/rdsk/c0t2d0s0
A fairly typical layout is
0. /
1. swap
2. whole disk
3. /var
4. /data
If the system has has a database locally and there is a need for a bit of extra speed then /data can always be put on the faster part of the disk. Not to many systems swap much anymore since there is the ability to put in as much memory as is needed. Although if needed a seperate filesystem can be created for a swap partition.
0. /data
1. /
2. whole disk
3. /swap
4. /var
Solaris - Compress, Uncompress
strom September 1st, 2009
Backup to a USB drive
Mount USB drive and check contents
# volrmmount -i rmdisk0; cd /rmdisk/rmdisk0; ls -FC
tar -cf foobar.tar /tmp/dir
jar cf foobar.jar /tmp/dir/*
jar are cool, they do however require the Jave Runtime Engine. jar’s do not maintain soft links the do follow the soft link and copy the contents.
compress -v foobar.tar
ends up with foobar.tar.Z
to view compress files use zcat foobar.tar.Z | less
or extract the output in conjunction with tar
zcat foobar.tar.Z | tar xf -
uncompress -v foobar.tar.Z
look at contents with uncompress
uncompress -c foobar.tar.Z | tar xvf -
compress and uncompress with 7za
7za a foobar.7z file1 file2
7za x foobar.7z
gzip -v filename
gunzip filename
gzcat filename to view contents of zip file
use unzip on .jar .zip files
x86 / Linux raid
strom September 1st, 2009
Note not “hardware” raid cards for pc type machines actually do hardware raid. Most of the cheaper raid controllers are doing a form of software raid that uses their driver and the system bios.
At that point it is probably best just to use the OS to do the raid and skip the extra.
If it states somewhere on the box (e.g., 3w-xxxx, 3w-9xxx, aacraid, cciss, dac960, dpt_i2o, gdth, ips, megaraid, megaraid2, megaraid_mbox aka megaraid-newgen, mpt*) then there is a good chance that it is true hardware raid.
A couple of good pages
This page has a good list of what is and what is not true hardware raid.
http://linuxmafia.com/faq/Hardware/sata.html
A site that talks about what they are calling fakeraid.
http://linux-ata.org/faq-sata-raid.html
This is a good break down on what is the difference between fakeraid and hardware raid.
I have cut and pasted this article below on the off chance this page ever disappears. I do not do this often but on occasion I put in a link to a quality article then years later go back and it is gone. Just want to make sure I keep this one.
. Be sure to check out Mark’s Blog. It has quite a bit of real good stuff in it. I ended up getting lost in there for a bit. Good Stuff.
snip
————————————————————————-
SATA RAID Cards (Linux/Windows), What you Should Know About Fake RAID Cards
I recently had a rude awakening regarding many of today’s RAID cards; come to find out most of today’s RAID controllers are not actually “hardware RAID” cards like you might expect. A few days ago, I went to Fry’s and picked up a relatively cheap SATA 4-Channel RAID card (SC-SA4R12-S2) by SIIG. I brought it home, unpacked it, and plugged it into my Linux box. Everything was working well, except that the raw disks connected to the RAID controller were exposed under /dev:
/dev/sdc
/dev/sdd
I found this strange, because I used the controller’s Option ROM configuration utility to build a RAID-1 volume (a mirror) of the two SATA drives connected to the controller. Assuming my RAID card drivers were installed, I was expecting to see only one device file for the “virtual RAID array” that I just created (e.g., /dev/cciss/*). Continue reading to see what’s actually going on.
In my past life with HP-UX, I’ve worked on the HP-UX CISS Smart Array RAID driver. Using an HP-UX Smart Array RAID solution, or a CCISS Linux Smart Array RAID solution, the OS driver only sees RAID arrays, and uses RAID-specific commands to read/write data. The individual disks themselves are not actually exposed to the OS. This is true hardware RAID. If my new SATA RAID card was actually a true hardware RAID controller, I wouldn’t see both disk device files under /dev. Instead, I would see a single device file pointing to the mirrored RAID volume.
So what exactly is going on anyways? I thought my SATA RAID card is actually a hardware RAID card? Turns out, it’s not. I dug around looking for answers, and come to find out, many non-enterprise level RAID cards sold today are actually “fakeraid” cards. These “fakeraid” cards use the OS driver and on-board flash BIOS to provide 100 percent of the RAID capability. My cheap SATA 4-Channel RAID card (SC-SA4R12-S2) by SIIG is nothing more than a fake; it’s a bare non-RAID SATA controller that relies on the OS driver for most of the RAID operations. That basically defeats the purpose of buying a hardware RAID card in the first place; the whole point of using a real hardware RAID controller is to offload the RAID processing from the host to the controller itself.
In any event, my SATA 4-Channel RAID card (SC-SA4R12-S2) by SIIG was only $40, so I guess I got what I paid for! If you suspect your RAID card isn’t a real hardware RAID controller, you can check with Linuxmafia.
If you want to setup a software RAID volume on Linux, read my HOWTO guide.
———————————————————————————
snip
Windows - Memory/Performance Troubleshooting
strom August 19th, 2009
Process Explorer:
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb896653.aspx
Performance Monitor:
http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;325558
Definitions:
http://blogs.technet.com/askperf/archive/2008/01/25/an-overview-of-troubleshooting-memory-issues.aspx
RedHat - NIC Status
strom August 18th, 2009
ifconfig -a in RedHat does not provide link status sooooo. After a bit of digging it turns out there is a cool tool that will.
# /sbin/ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes:
10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes:
10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Speed: 1000Mb/s
Duplex: Full
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 1
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: on
Supports Wake-on: g
Wake-on: d
Link detected: yes
Ultra2 Backup Boot Disk Script
strom August 18th, 2009
This script is a bit crude but it does work if the system is not real busy. Another solution is to use SVM and mirror the disks. The problem there however is; if a disk is lost and the system goes down it will not come up since SVM needs a quarum (over half) with the metadb’s.
I use the below scipt plus dump a flar to another system. I really need to convert this disk to cpio.
#!/bin/csh
#
# This script backs up the primary to secondary hard disk on an ultra class machine.
# c0t0d0 is the primary disk
# c0t1d0 the secondary disk
# s0 is / s3 is /var s7 is /work.
# This partitions the secondary disk to match the primary disk of same geometry.
prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s2 | fmthard -s - /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s2
# Make backup directory mount points if not present.
if (! -d /root1) mkdir /root1
if (! -d /var1) mkdir /var1
if (! -d /work1) mkdir /work1
# Unmount the partitions of secondary disk if they are mounted.
if ( -e /root1/lost+found) umount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s0
if ( -e /var1/lost+found) umount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s3
if ( -e /work1/lost+found) umount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s7
# Newfs partitions of the secondary disk.
newfs -v /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s0 < /dev/null
newfs -v /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s3 < /dev/null
newfs -v /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s7 < /dev/null
# Mount secondary disks
mount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s0 /root1
mount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s3 /var1
mount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s7 /work1
# Dump from primary to seconday
ufsdump 0sf 5000000 - / | (cd /root1; ufsrestore rf - )
ufsdump 0sf 5000000 - /var | (cd /var1; ufsrestore rf - )
ufsdump 0sf 5000000 - /work | (cd /work1; ufsrestore rf - )
# Install boot block on secondary disk
installboot /usr/platform/`uname -i`/lib/fs/ufs/bootblk /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s0
# Update motd
echo `uname -rsvi`” Primary disk” > /etc/motd
echo “Backup copy on “`date` >> /etc/motd
echo `uname -rsvi`” Secondary disk” > /root1/etc/motd
echo “Backup copy on “`date` >> /root1/etc/motd
# Change /root1/etc/vfstab to enable boot disk1
sed ’s/c0t0/c0t1/g’ /etc/vfstab > /root1/etc/vfstab
# Unmount backup disk.
umount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s0
umount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s3
umount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s7
Sun - E450 Offline hot swap drives
strom August 18th, 2009
list drives
# cfgadm -al
unconfigure drive
cfgadm -c unconfigure c2::dsk/c2t3d0
verify
cfgadm -al (the disk should no long be listed and can be hot swapped)
For E250’s
# ssaadm remove_device c0t0d0s0
